粉末特性對鎳基粉末冶金高溫合金組織及熱變形行為的影響
發布人：上海艾荔艾合金股份有限公司www.shailiai.cn
更新時間：2016-01-29
分別采用氬氣霧化(Argon atomization, AA)和等離子旋轉電極(Plasma rotating electrode process，PREP)兩種方法制備具有不同特性的鎳基高溫合金粉末，然后在相同條件下對兩種粉末進行熱等靜壓制備成塊體材料(A-HIP及P-HIP)。
粉末特性對鎳基粉末冶金高溫合金組織及熱變形行為的影響Effects of powder characteristics on microstructure and deformation activation energy of nickel based superalloy分別采用氬氣霧化(Argon atomization, AA)和等離子旋轉電極(Plasma rotating electrode process，PREP)兩種方法制備具有不同特性的鎳基高溫合金粉末，然后在相同條件下對兩種粉末進行熱等靜壓制備成塊體材料(A-HIP及P-HIP)。分別對粉末和塊體材料進行顯微組織分析和形貌表征，并對熱等靜壓材料在溫度為1000~1100 ℃下、應變速率為0.01~1.0 s-1下進行熱壓縮實驗，利用采集的應力、應變參數，通過迭代和線性回歸的方法計算熱激活能并構建本構方程，并利用所建立的本構方程預測合金在不同應變下的應力。結果表明：PREP粉末表面潔凈度、球形度和粒徑均勻度要比AA粉末的好，其表面氧含量也相對較低，僅為0.0079%，而AA粉末中氧含量為0.0139%(質量分數)；相比P-HIP，A-HIP中分布著較多的原始顆粒邊界和孔洞，原始顆粒邊界的主要組成是大尺寸的γ′相和碳氧化物顆粒；A-HIP的平均晶粒尺寸為8.59 μm, P-HIP的平均晶粒尺寸為12.54 μm；A-HIP的強化相γ′的體積分數(43.91%)與P-HIP的強化相γ′體積分數(43.65%)基本相等。兩種材料的激活能分別為1012.9 kJ/mol和757.1 kJ/mol，并采用雙曲正弦Arrhenius模型構建不同應變下的本構方程并預測不同變形條件下的真應力，其與實驗值間的絕對誤差分別為6.46%和4.87%。A-HIP在壓縮過程出現宏觀裂紋，原始顆粒邊界是壓縮裂紋產生主要因素之一，且裂紋沿原始顆粒邊界進行擴展。
A new Nickel based superalloy powder was fabricated by methods of argon atomization (AA) and plasma rotating electrode process (PREP), followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) under the same conditions. Microstructure analyzing of both as-powder and as-HIPed was carried out. The hot compression tests of two different materials were conducted using a thermal simulator under the deformation conditions at temperature range from 1000 to 1100 ℃ and strain rates range of 0.01-1.0 s-1. The deformation activity energy and constitutive equations were established to predict the true stress at different strains under deformation conditions. The results show that the surface cleanliness and homogeneity of the powder prepared by PREP are much better than those prepared by AA. The oxygen content of argon atomization powder is 0.0139% (mass fraction), while the oxygen content of PREP powder is 0.0079%. The prior particle boundary in as-HIPed fabricated by AA is more severe than that by PREP, which consists of γ′ phase with large size, carbides and oxidizes. The average grain size of A-HIP is determined as 8.59 μm, while that of the P-HIP is 12.54 μm. The volume fractions of γ′ phase of A-HIP and P-HIP are 43.92% and 43.65%, respectively. The deformation activation energies are calculated as 1012.9 kJ/mol (for AA) and 852.9 kJ/mol (for PREP), respectively. In addition, the constitutive equations for two alloys are also developed to predict the true stress at different deformation conditions with the absolute error of 6.46% and 4.87%. The PPB is one of the main reasons that leads to the occurrence of cracking, which propagates along the PPB.
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