熱處理對3Cr13MoCu馬氏體不銹鋼抗菌性能的影響研究EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON ANTIBACTERIAL PERFORMANCE OF 3Cr13MoCu STAINLESS STEEL

利用抗菌性能檢測、硬度測試、TEM 觀察、激光共聚焦顯微鏡觀察和 SEM 觀察等手段, 研究了時效處理對 3Cr13MoCu 馬氏體不銹鋼抗菌性能的影響. 研究結果表明, 隨著時效溫度的升高, 3Cr13MoCu馬氏體不銹鋼中的富Cu相不斷長大, 對金黃色葡萄球菌的殺菌率不斷提高, 但其硬度迅速下降. 而在500 ℃進行時效處理時, 延長時效時間至10~14 h后, 鋼中富Cu相含量不斷增加, 其抗菌性能和硬度均不斷提高. 結合抗菌性能和硬度測試結果, 確定 3Cr13MoCu 不銹鋼的優化熱處理制度為: 1080 ℃固溶 30 min, 水冷 + 500 ℃時效 10~14 h, 空冷. 在此熱處理工藝下, 3Cr13MoCu 不銹鋼表現出了非常優異的抗菌性能, 在殺滅游離態細菌的同時, 還可以有效地抑制表面細菌生物膜的形成.
The effect of aging on antibacterial performance of 3Cr13MoCu martensitic stainless steel was studied by antibacterial test, Vickers hardness measurement, TEM observation, confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and SEM observations. The results showed that increase of the aging temperature did favor to rapid precipitation of Cu-rich phases in the steel matrix, and correspondingly, the antibacterial rate was increased, but the hardness declined. Aging at 500 ℃ for 10~14 h could enhance both antibacterial rate and hardness due to the increase of precipitation of Cu-rich phases. Therefore the optimal heat treatment for 3Cr13MoCu stainless steel was proposed to solution at 1080 ℃ for 30 min, water cooling to room temperature, then aging at 500 ℃ for 10~14 h, air cooling to room temperature. CLSM and SEM observations indicated that 3Cr13MoCu stainless steel with optimum heat treatment could effectively killed the free bacteria and inhibited the formation of bacterial bio-films on its surface.

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