磷系潤滑添加劑對7050鋁合金摩擦學性能的影響Effects of phosphorus additives on tribological performance of 7050 aluminum alloy

采用環-塊摩擦磨損試驗機考察磷酸三甲酚酯(TCP)、亞磷酸二丁酯(DBPi)、二辛基二硫代磷酸鋅(ZDDP)和二正丁基磷酰胺(DBPA) 4種磷系潤滑添加劑對7050鋁合金摩擦學性能的影響，并探討磷系潤滑添加劑與7050鋁合金的摩擦學作用機制。結果表明：4種磷系潤滑添加劑均能降低鋼-鋁摩擦副間的摩擦因數，但添加劑對鋁合金抗磨作用的影響因添加劑結構不同而產生較大差異；磷酸三甲酚酯和二正丁基磷酰胺能增強7050鋁合金的抗磨作用，其中二正丁基磷酰胺的效果更優；而亞磷酸二丁酯和二辛基二硫代磷酸鋅會增加鋁合金的磨損，以亞磷酸二丁酯為甚。鋼-鋁摩擦副間的摩擦因數隨添加劑濃度增加而減少，但隨載荷增加而提高；以二正丁基磷酰胺潤滑的鋁合金的磨損量隨添加劑濃度增加而減少，但隨載荷增加而提高；而以亞磷酸二丁酯潤滑時，隨載荷和添加劑濃度提高，磨損量均呈增加趨勢。在所有的摩擦過程中均出現了磨粒磨損、粘著磨損和化學腐蝕磨損3種磨損機制，其中化學腐蝕磨損和磨粒磨損是磷系潤滑添加劑的主要摩擦學作用機制。

Tribological performance of four kinds of phosphorus lubricating additives such as? tricresyl phosphate(TCP), dibutyl phosphite(DBPi), zinc dioctyldithiophosphate(ZDDP)and dibutyl phosphate acylamide(DBPA) on 7050 aluminum alloy were investigated with ring on block tribotester. The tribological mechanism of aluminum alloy lubricated by phosphorus additives was also discussed. The results show that all these phosphorus additives may decrease the friction coefficient of the steel-aluminum pairs, but the effects on the wear action of aluminum alloy are different. Tricresyl phosphate and dibutyl phosphate acylamide increase the anti-wear property of 7050 aluminum alloy, and the later shows better. Dibutyl phosphite and zinc dioctyldithiophosphate increase abrasion effect of the aluminum alloy and dibutyl phosphite shows worse effect. Friction coefficient between steel and aluminum decreases with increasing the content of lubricating additives, while increases with increasing the load. Wear loss of aluminum alloy lubricated by dibutyl phosphate acylamide (DBPA) decreases with increasing the additive content, while increases with increasing the load. However, when being lubricated by dibutyl phosphate (DBPi), the wear amount of aluminium alloy is improved with increasing the additive content and load. There are abrasion wear, adhesive wear and chemical corrosion abrasion displayed during the friction process, and the chemical corrosion wear and abrasion wear are the main wear mechanisms of phosphorus additives.

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